Chapterwise Chemistry MCQs Class 10

Class 10 Chapterwise Chemistry MCQs

Chemical Reactions MCQs

Q1: What happens chemically when quicklime is added to water?

  1. It absorbs all heat
  2. It forms slaked lime releasing heat
  3. It undergoes a photochemical reaction
  4. It forms calcium oxide gas

Correct Answer: B

CaO + H2O → Ca(OH)2, highly exothermic.

Q2: Which reaction is endothermic?

  1. Respiration
  2. Photosynthesis
  3. Combustion
  4. Neutralisation

Correct Answer: B

Photosynthesis absorbs sunlight energy.

Q3: Which of the following is a redox reaction?

  1. Zn + CuSO4
  2. NaOH + HCl
  3. CaCO3 → CaO + CO2
  4. AgCl → Ag + Cl2

Correct Answer: A

Zinc oxidises, copper reduces.

Q4: Which reaction produces precipitate?

  1. AgNO3 + NaCl
  2. Zn + HCl
  3. CH4 + O2
  4. CaO + H2O

Correct Answer: A

AgCl precipitate forms.

Q5: Which reaction is decomposition?

  1. 2H2 + O2
  2. CaCO3 → CaO + CO2
  3. Zn + CuSO4
  4. NaOH + HCl

Correct Answer: B

CaCO3 breaks down.

Q6: Which reaction is combination?

  1. CaO + H2O → Ca(OH)2
  2. Zn + CuSO4
  3. NaOH + HCl
  4. CaCO3 → CaO + CO2

Correct Answer: A

Two reactants combine to form one product.

Q7: Which reaction is neutralisation?

  1. NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O
  2. Zn + HCl
  3. CaCO3 → CaO + CO2
  4. CH4 + O2

Correct Answer: A

Acid + base → salt + water.

Q8: Which reaction is exothermic?

  1. Combustion of methane
  2. Photosynthesis
  3. Electrolysis of water
  4. Decomposition of CaCO3

Correct Answer: A

Combustion releases heat.

Q9: Which reaction is used in black and white photography?

  1. AgCl decomposition
  2. Zn + CuSO4
  3. NaOH + HCl
  4. CaO + H2O

Correct Answer: A

AgCl decomposes in sunlight.

Q10: Which reaction is respiration?

  1. Glucose + O2 → CO2 + H2O + Energy
  2. Photosynthesis
  3. Electrolysis
  4. Neutralisation

Correct Answer: A

Respiration is exothermic oxidation of glucose.

Acids, Bases and Salts MCQs

Q1: Which gas is released when dilute HCl reacts with zinc?

  1. Oxygen
  2. Hydrogen
  3. Carbon dioxide
  4. Nitrogen

Correct Answer: B

Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2. Hydrogen gas is liberated.

Q2: Which acid is present in lemon?

  1. Acetic acid
  2. Citric acid
  3. Oxalic acid
  4. Lactic acid

Correct Answer: B

Lemon juice contains citric acid, giving it a sour taste.

Q3: Which base is used in the manufacture of soap?

  1. NaOH
  2. Ca(OH)2
  3. NH4OH
  4. KOH

Correct Answer: A

Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is commonly used in saponification.

Q4: Which salt is used in baking powder?

  1. Sodium carbonate
  2. Sodium bicarbonate
  3. Sodium chloride
  4. Sodium sulfate

Correct Answer: B

Baking powder contains sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3).

Q5: Which acid is present in vinegar?

  1. Formic acid
  2. Acetic acid
  3. Citric acid
  4. Lactic acid

Correct Answer: B

Vinegar is a dilute solution of acetic acid.

Q6: Which salt is used in plaster of Paris?

  1. CaSO4·½H2O
  2. CaCO3
  3. Na2CO3
  4. CaCl2

Correct Answer: A

Plaster of Paris is calcium sulfate hemihydrate.

Q7: Which acid is present in milk?

  1. Citric acid
  2. Lactic acid
  3. Acetic acid
  4. Oxalic acid

Correct Answer: B

Milk contains lactic acid, formed by fermentation of lactose.

Q8: Which salt is used in common cooking?

  1. Sodium chloride
  2. Sodium carbonate
  3. Sodium bicarbonate
  4. Potassium chloride

Correct Answer: A

Common salt is sodium chloride (NaCl).

Q9: Which acid is present in gastric juice?

  1. HCl
  2. H2SO4
  3. HNO3
  4. CH3COOH

Correct Answer: A

Hydrochloric acid is secreted in the stomach for digestion.

Q10: Which salt is used in bleaching powder?

  1. CaOCl2
  2. NaCl
  3. CaSO4
  4. Na2CO3

Correct Answer: A

Bleaching powder is calcium oxychloride (CaOCl2).

Metals and Nonmetals MCQs

Q1: Which property is common to most metals?

  1. They are brittle
  2. They are good conductors of electricity
  3. They are non-malleable
  4. They are poor conductors of heat

Correct Answer: B

Metals have free electrons that allow conduction of electricity.

Q2: Which metal is liquid at room temperature?

  1. Iron
  2. Mercury
  3. Sodium
  4. Aluminium

Correct Answer: B

Mercury is the only metal that is liquid at room temperature.

Q3: Which nonmetal is essential for respiration?

  1. Carbon
  2. Oxygen
  3. Nitrogen
  4. Hydrogen

Correct Answer: B

Oxygen is a nonmetal required for respiration.

Q4: Which metal is used in galvanisation?

  1. Aluminium
  2. Zinc
  3. Copper
  4. Iron

Correct Answer: B

Zinc coating prevents rusting of iron in galvanisation.

Q5: Which nonmetal is used in the manufacture of matchsticks?

  1. Phosphorus
  2. Sulphur
  3. Carbon
  4. Chlorine

Correct Answer: A

Phosphorus is a key nonmetal used in matchstick heads.

Q6: Which metal is used in electrical wiring?

  1. Iron
  2. Copper
  3. Aluminium
  4. Silver

Correct Answer: B

Copper is widely used due to high conductivity and ductility.

Q7: Which nonmetal is used in water purification?

  1. Carbon
  2. Chlorine
  3. Sulphur
  4. Phosphorus

Correct Answer: B

Chlorine is used to disinfect water.

Q8: Which metal is most abundant in the Earth’s crust?

  1. Iron
  2. Aluminium
  3. Copper
  4. Calcium

Correct Answer: B

Aluminium is the most abundant metal in Earth’s crust.

Q9: Which nonmetal is used in making fertilizers?

  1. Carbon
  2. Nitrogen
  3. Oxygen
  4. Hydrogen

Correct Answer: B

Nitrogen is essential for fertilizers like urea and ammonium salts.

Q10: Which metal is used in thermometers?

  1. Iron
  2. Mercury
  3. Copper
  4. Aluminium

Correct Answer: B

Mercury expands uniformly with temperature, making it suitable for thermometers.

Carbon and its Compounds MCQs

Q1: Which of the following is an unsaturated hydrocarbon?

  1. Ethane
  2. Ethene
  3. Methane
  4. Propane

Correct Answer: B

Ethene (C2H4) contains a double bond, making it unsaturated.

Q2: Which allotrope of carbon is the hardest natural substance?

  1. Graphite
  2. Diamond
  3. Coal
  4. Fullerene

Correct Answer: B

Diamond is the hardest known natural substance due to its strong covalent bonds.

Q3: Which compound is used as a fuel in domestic cooking?

  1. Methane
  2. Ethene
  3. Acetylene
  4. Butane

Correct Answer: D

Butane is used in LPG cylinders for cooking.

Q4: Which functional group is present in alcohols?

  1. -CHO
  2. -OH
  3. -COOH
  4. -CO

Correct Answer: B

Alcohols contain the hydroxyl (-OH) group.

Q5: Which compound is commonly known as vinegar?

  1. Formic acid
  2. Acetic acid
  3. Citric acid
  4. Lactic acid

Correct Answer: B

Vinegar is a dilute solution of acetic acid (CH3COOH).

Q6: Which hydrocarbon is used in welding?

  1. Ethane
  2. Acetylene
  3. Methane
  4. Propane

Correct Answer: B

Acetylene (C2H2) is used in oxy-acetylene welding.

Q7: Which allotrope of carbon conducts electricity?

  1. Diamond
  2. Graphite
  3. Coal
  4. Charcoal

Correct Answer: B

Graphite conducts electricity due to free electrons in its layered structure.

Q8: Which compound is used in soft drinks?

  1. Carbon dioxide
  2. Carbon monoxide
  3. Methane
  4. Ethane

Correct Answer: A

Carbon dioxide is dissolved in soft drinks to make them fizzy.

Q9: Which compound is used in dry cleaning?

  1. Carbon tetrachloride
  2. Carbon monoxide
  3. Carbon dioxide
  4. Graphite

Correct Answer: A

Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) was used in dry cleaning.

Q10: Which compound is used in bleaching and disinfecting?

  1. Carbon dioxide
  2. Chloroform
  3. Carbon monoxide
  4. Carbon compounds like bleaching powder

Correct Answer: D

Carbon compounds such as bleaching powder are used for disinfecting.

Periodic Classification of Elements MCQs

Q1: Who is credited with the modern periodic law?

  1. Mendeleev
  2. Dobereiner
  3. Moseley
  4. Newlands

Correct Answer: C

Henry Moseley proposed that properties of elements are periodic functions of their atomic number.

Q2: Which scientist gave the law of triads?

  1. Mendeleev
  2. Dobereiner
  3. Newlands
  4. Moseley

Correct Answer: B

Dobereiner grouped elements into triads based on similar properties.

Q3: Newlands arranged elements according to which property?

  1. Atomic number
  2. Atomic mass
  3. Valency
  4. Density

Correct Answer: B

Newlands arranged elements in increasing order of atomic mass.

Q4: Mendeleev’s periodic table was based on?

  1. Atomic number
  2. Atomic mass
  3. Valency
  4. Electronegativity

Correct Answer: B

Mendeleev arranged elements by increasing atomic mass.

Q5: Which group in the modern periodic table contains noble gases?

  1. Group 1
  2. Group 7
  3. Group 18
  4. Group 2

Correct Answer: C

Group 18 contains noble gases like He, Ne, Ar.

Q6: Which period contains only two elements?

  1. First period
  2. Second period
  3. Third period
  4. Fourth period

Correct Answer: A

The first period has only hydrogen and helium.

Q7: Which element is placed in Group 1 but is not a metal?

  1. Lithium
  2. Sodium
  3. Hydrogen
  4. Potassium

Correct Answer: C

Hydrogen is placed in Group 1 but is a nonmetal.

Q8: Which property increases across a period?

  1. Atomic radius
  2. Electronegativity
  3. Metallic character
  4. Basicity of oxides

Correct Answer: B

Electronegativity increases across a period due to increasing nuclear charge.

Q9: Which property decreases down a group?

  1. Atomic radius
  2. Electronegativity
  3. Number of shells
  4. Atomic mass

Correct Answer: B

Electronegativity decreases down a group as atomic size increases.

Q10: Which element is known as the halogen in Group 17?

  1. Oxygen
  2. Chlorine
  3. Neon
  4. Sodium

Correct Answer: B

Group 17 contains halogens like fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine.

Must read Chapterwise Chemistry MCQs with Answer Class 10

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